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Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1)

Primary hyperoxaluria is a rare, inherited disease that causes the overproduction of oxalate

Prevalence

N/A

US Estimated

N/A

Europe Estimated

Age of Onset

ICD-10

E74.8

Inheritance

Autosomal dominant

Autosomal recessive

Mitochondrial/Multigenic

X-linked dominant

X-linked recessive

5 Facts you should know

FACT

1

The majority of individuals with PH1 present in childhood or early adolescence, usually with symptomatic nephrolithiasis and normal or reduced kidney function

 

FACT

2

Common symptoms include the urolithiasis, nephrolithiasis, and progressive nephrocalcinosis

 

FACT

3

PH type I is the most severe and most common of the three types - it is estimated to account for 70 to 80% of all diagnosed PH patients

 

FACT

4

Up to 50% of adults are diagnosed following progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD)

 

FACT

5

Chronic, recurrent stone formation and the accumulation of calcium oxalate in kidney tissue can cause chronic kidney disease, which can ultimately progress to kidney failure

 

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is also known as...

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is also known as:

  • HP1
  • Oxalosis 1
  • Glycolic aciduria
 
 
 
 

What’s your Rare IQ?

Which of the following factors is not associated with an increased likelihood of eventual progression to kidney failure?
 

Common signs & symptoms

Abnormality of circulating enzyme level

Anemia

Low number of red blood cells or hemoglobin

Calcinosis

Calcium buildup in soft tissues of body

Nephrolithiasis

Kidney stones

Hyperoxaluria

High urine oxalate levels

Metabolic acidosis

Nephrocalcinosis

Too much calcium deposited in kidneys

Current treatments

The goal of treatment for primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is to minimize calcium oxalate deposition and maintain renal function. Early diagnosis and prompt therapy is critical to preserve the function of the kidneys for as long as possible.
General therapies for preventing kidney stones benefit all people with PH1. Recommendations for this include:

drinking large amounts of fluid

oral potassium citrate to inhibit calcium oxalate crystallization

drugs such as thiazides to decrease calcium in the urine

avoiding significant intake of vitamin C or D (they promote stone formation)

supplementation of dietary calcium

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